HST 565 Fall 2017

HST 565: Medical Imaging Sciences and Applications


HST.565; Tue, Thu 4:30pm-6:00pm; Room 56-162
Course Director: Georges El Fakhri, Ph.D.
Course Associate Directors: Moses Wilks, Ph.D. & Alvin Ihsani, Ph.D.

Syllabus

Week

Date

Suggested Literature

Description

1

Thu 9/7/2017

  SC12 Chp. 1, 15

Introduction to molecular imaging

(Moses Wilks)

Covers types of imaging modalities used in medicine (MRI, US, PET, SPECT, CT) providing an overview of the applications in medical imaging and how they complement each other (i.e. what does MRI do that CT does not and v.v., what does PET do and SPECT cannot and v.v.; these are covered at an application level, where advantages/disadvantages are mentioned from a pathology detection perspective).

2

Tue 9/12/2017

SC12 Chp. 3, 4, 6

Radioactive Decay, Particle Interactions, Dose and Exposure

(Georges El Fakhri)

Covers the basics of nuclear physics, and implications from exposure to radiation.

2

Thu 9/14/2017

SC12 Chp. 13, 14

Radiation detectors, Counting Statistics I

(Lisa Blackberg)

Covers the physics of radiation detection and different types of detectors (gas, semiconductors and scintillators), as well as the basics of counting statistics.

3

Tue 9/19/2017

SC12 Chp. 13-14

Radiation detectors, Counting Statistics II

(Xiaochun Lai)

Covers types of radiation detector systems (PMT, monolithic crystals, solid state, pixelated crystals) and their applications to imaging systems, event positioning algorithms (advantages and disadvantages, and possibility for improvement), how the physical properties and (mechanical) design of crystals provides potential for the improvement of image quality.

3

Thu 9/21/2017

SC12Chp. 13, 14

Gamma Camera Imaging

(Georges El Fakhri)

Covers topics in transmission tomography imaging, such as the mathematics of computed tomography (parallel, fan-beam, and cone-beam integral transforms), analytic reconstruction algorithms (FPB, FBP, etc.).

4

Tue 9/26/2017

 

Problem Set I

(Moses Wilks / Alvin Ihsani / Paul Han)

Review of problem set 1.

4

Thu 9/28/2017

SC12 Chp. 16

Introduction to Tomographic Imaging

(Dustin Wooten)

Covers topics in transmission tomography imaging, including the mathematics revolving around cone-beam integral transforms, types of acquisition (circular, spiral), and an introduction to the interior problem in CT.

5

Tue 10/3/2017

SC12 Chp. 17,
MW04 Chps. 7 & 22,
HZ06 Chps. 5-8

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

(Alvin Ihsani)

Covers topics in SPECT acquisition such as artifacts during acquisition (e.g. center-of-rotation artifacts), and principles of collimation (compatibility with radiotracer, collimator-detector response compensation including intrinsic response, geometric response, and septal penetration/scatter response), flood-field uniformity correction, attenuation correction, scatter correction, and partial voluming.

5

Thu 10/5/2017

SC12 Chp. 18

Positron Emission Tomography

(Yoann Petibon)

Topics on the fundamentals of Positron Emission Tomography.

6

Tue 10/10/2017

 

Columbus Day (Holiday)

6

Thu 10/12/2017

SC12 Chp. 18

Positron Emission Tomography

(Georges El Fakhri)

Topics on the fundamentals of Positron Emission Tomography.

7

Tue 10/17/2017

Handouts

Clinical PET and SPECT

(Ruth Lim)

Clinical aspects of PET and SPECT imaging.

7

Thu 10/19/2017

Handouts

Iterative Tomographic Reconstruction

(Quanzheng Li)

Covers the Bayesian framework under which iterative tomographic reconstruction is interpreted (this includes a detailed explanation of Expectation Maximization), followed by a presentation of the MLEM algorithm, and continued by an introduction to maximum a posteriori (MAP) methods of image reconstruction (modeling of the prior distribution, anatomical priors, bias on the solution, penalty/regularization term in optimization).

8

Tue 10/24/2017

 

Problem Set II

(Moses Wilks / Alvin Ihsani / Paul Han)

Review of problem set 2.

8

Thu 10/26/2017

Handouts

Kinetic Modelling of Physiologic Data I

(Dustin Wooten)

Covers compartmental modeling kinetics, applications to PET and SPECT imaging

9

Tue 10/31/2017

SC12 Chp. 21

Kinetic Modelling of Physiologic Data II

(Marc Normandin)

Covers compartmental modeling kinetics, applications to PET and SPECT imaging

9

Thu 11/2/2017

SC12 Chp. 21

Basics of X-Ray Computed Tomography

(Bill Worstell)

Covers physical principles of X-ray computed tomography (Hounsfield units, types of acquisitions, detectors, etc.), artifacts arising from the physics of CT (beam hardening, low-dose), and artifact correction methods

10

Tue 11/7/2017

 

Problem Set III

(Moses Wilks / Alvin Ihsani / Paul Han)

Review of problem set 3.

10

Thu 11/9/2017

 

Midterm

11

Tue 11/14/2017

Handouts

Magnetic resonance Imaging I

(Jonghye Woo)

Covers topics in MR physics (magnetization, relaxation, Bloch equations), signal detection concepts, basics of multi-dimensional MR Imaging (slice selection, phase and frequency encoding).

11

Thu 11/16/2017

ZPL99 JP10 DWM07

Magnetic resonance Imaging II

(Chao Ma)

Covers topics on interpretation of k-space, signal in k-space, sampling and aliasing, signal/contrast/noise, and basics of acquisition (spin echo, gradient echo).

12

Tue 11/21/2017

Handouts

Radiochemistry for Molecular Imaging

(Pedro Brugarolas)

Covers fundamentals of radiochemistry.

12

Thu 11/23/2017

 

Thanksgiving (Holiday)

13

Thu 11/28/2017

Handouts

Multi-modality/Hybrid Imaging

(Moses Wilks)

Covers topics in multi-modality imaging such as challenges in simultaneous acquisition (providing an overview of state of the art image registration methods that may be used to fuse the modalities), and hybrid imaging for PET/MR and PET/CT comparing advances in each modality.

13

Tue 11/30/2017

Handouts

Optical Imaging

(Hak Soo Choi)

Covers topics in optical fluorescence and bioluminescence imaging combined with nuclear and/or
magnetic resonance imaging in terms of near-infrared imaging probes and instrumentation for their
use in image-guided diagnosis and therapy.

14

Tue 12/5/2017

Handouts

Ultrasound Imaging(Anthony Samir)

Topics in ultrasound elastography will be discussed, the physical basis and clinical context in which this technology is applied, through the framework of precision medicine for diffuse liver disease.

 

 

Thu 12/7/2017

 

Problem Set IV; Preparation for Balloon Debate

(Moses Wilks / Alvin Ihsani / Paul Han)

Review of problem set 4. Preparation for Debate

Tue 12/12/2017

 

Public Balloon Debate
(Staff)

Balloon Debate

16

TBD

 

Final Exam

Bibliography

SC12: Simon Cherry, Physics in Nuclear Medicine, 2012

MW04: Miles Wernick, Emission Tomography: The Fundamentals of PET and SPECT, 2004

HZ06: Jason Browne and Alvaro R. De Pierro, A Row-Action Alternative to the EM Algorithm for Maximizing Likelihoods in Emission Tomography ,

ZPL99: Zhi-Pei Liang, Paul C. Lauterbur, Principles of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Signal Processing Perspective, 1999

JP10: Jerry Prince, Jonathan Links, Medical Imaging Signals and Systems, 2010

DWM07: DW McRobbie, EA Moore, MJ Graves, MR Prince, MRI from Picture to Proton, 2007

 

From Kendall Square Redline T stop to MIT building 56